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History

Background articles


The Battle on the Ice
The Battle of Lake Peipus, fought on April 5, 1242, is one of the most famous clashes of the Middle Ages – remembered not only for its...
3 min read


Wenden: A Fortress at the Edge of Christendom (1206-1230)
In the early years of the 13th century, as the Crusader presence in Livonia began to tighten its grip, a new fortress rose amid the...
3 min read


Bishop Albert of Riga: Crusader, Founder, and Architect of Livonia
Bishop Albert of Riga (1165–1229), born into the noble Buxhoeveden family of Lower Saxony, was a figure of considerable ambition and...
4 min read


The Northern Crusades: A History of Conflict and Conversion
When most people think of the Crusades, they often turn to the extensive wars waged in the Middle East between Christian and Muslim...
3 min read
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