History

The Battle of Lake Peipus, fought on April 5, 1242, is one of the most famous clashes of the Middle Ages – remembered not only for its...

In the early years of the 13th century, as the Crusader presence in Livonia began to tighten its grip, a new fortress rose amid the...

Bishop Albert of Riga (1165–1229), born into the noble Buxhoeveden family of Lower Saxony, was a figure of considerable ambition and...

When most people think of the Crusades, they often turn to the extensive wars waged in the Middle East between Christian and Muslim...

The Hanseatic League, a confederation of merchant guilds and market towns in Northern Europe, played a pivotal role in shaping medieval...

Alexander Nevsky stands as one of Russia’s most revered historical figures. Renowned for his military acumen, statesmanship, and pivotal...

In the dense forests and rugged landscapes of Livonia, Estonia, and northern Russia, medieval wooden forts stood as silent sentinels,...

Albert von Buxhoeveden was made Bishop of Livonia in 1199 by his uncle Hartwig, Archbishop of Bremen and Hamburg. He arrived in his new...

The Baltic Crusades are a fascinating period of history, traditionally overshadowed by the crusades in the Middle East (or Outremer as...