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History

Background articles


Wenden: A Fortress at the Edge of Christendom (1206-1230)
In the early years of the 13th century, as the Crusader presence in Livonia began to tighten its grip, a new fortress rose amid the...
3 min read
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Bishop Albert of Riga: Crusader, Founder, and Architect of Livonia
Bishop Albert of Riga (1165–1229), born into the noble Buxhoeveden family of Lower Saxony, was a figure of considerable ambition and...
4 min read
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The Northern Crusades: A History of Conflict and Conversion
When most people think of the Crusades, they often turn to the extensive wars waged in the Middle East between Christian and Muslim...
3 min read
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The Early Years of the Hanseatic League and Lübeck’s Role in the Northern Crusades
The Hanseatic League, a confederation of merchant guilds and market towns in Northern Europe, played a pivotal role in shaping medieval...
3 min read
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